Effetti collaterali degli antidepressivi a cura di Tristano Ajmone

ANTIDEPRESSIVI

a cura di Tristano Ajmone:  http://proximajmone.altervista.org/psichiatria/depressione.html

Gli effetti collaterali dei farmaci sono ora la principale causa di morte, disabilità e malattia. Gli esperti stimano che solo il 1-10% degli eventi avversi "gravi" (quelli che provocano l'ospedalizzazione, invalidità o decesso) sono segnalati. Per non parlare dei milioni di eventi avversi "medicalmente mild" che si verificano ogni anno - quelli che compromettono la concentrazione di una persona, il funzionamento, il giudizio, e la capacità di prendersi cura.

"Per quanto concerne i cadaveri negli studi clinici randomizzati odierni sui [farmaci] psicotropi, ne troviamo un numero maggiore nei gruppi di trattamento attivo rispetto ai gruppi placebo. E questo è molto diverso da quanto avviene negli studi clinici sulla penicillina o in quelli su farmaci realmente efficaci." David Healy, professore di psichiatria presso l’Università di Cardiff, Galles - Mania (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008), 32.

“La teoria serotoninergica della depressione ha lo stesso valore della teoria che considerava la follia una conseguenza della masturbazione”- David Healy, professore di psichiatria presso l’Università di Cardiff, Galles - Ads for SSRI antidepressants are misleading, PloS Medicine news release, Nov 2005.

Efficacia



1. Irving Kirsch et al, The Emperor's New Drugs ..., Prevention & Treatment, 2002
2. Hans Melander et al, Evidence b(i)ased medicine-selective reporting from studies sponsored pharmaceutical industry ..., BMJ 2003
3. Depressing research, THE LANCET • Vol 363 • April 24, 2004 (inefficacia degli antidressivi sui minori ed etica)
4. Amir Raz, Perspectives on the Efficacy of Antidepressants for Child and Adolescent Depression, PLoS Medicine 2006
5. Erick H. Turner et al, Selective Publication of Antidepressant Trials and Its Influence on Apparent Efficacy, N Engl J Med 2008
6. Kristin Rising et al, Reporting Bias in Drug Trials Submitted to the Food and Drug Administration ..., PLoS Medicine 2008
7. Irving Kirsch ety al, Initial Severity and Antidepressant Benefits ..., PLoS Medicine 2008
8. John PA Ioannidis, Effectiveness of antidepressants: an evidence myth constructed from a thousand randomized trials?, Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 2008
9. Hopewell S et al, Publication bias in clinical trials due to statistical significance or direction of trial results (Review), The Cochrane Library 2009
10. Irving Kirsch, Antidepressants and the placebo response, Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale, 2009
    
11. Moncrieff J, Wessely S, Hardy R, Active placebos versus antidepressants for depression, The Cochrane Library 2009
12. H. Edmund Pigott et al, Efficacy and Effectiveness of Antidepressants: Current Status of Research , Psychother Psychosom 2010
13. Paolo Migone, Commento all’articolo di Pigott H.E et al., Efficacy and Effectiveness of Antidepressants: Current Status of Research, 2010
14. Robert Whitaker, Slide Rethinking Psychiatric Care dal libro "Indagine su un'epidemia" 2013
15. The BMJ Press Release, Reanalysis of antidepressant trial finds popular drug ineffective and unsafe for adolescents, 2015
16. Joanna Le Noury et al ,Restoring Study 329: efficacy and harms of paroxetine and imipramine in treatment of major depression in adolescence, BMJ 2015



Sicurezza


17. Giuseppe Meco, Alfonso Rubino, La sindrome serotoninergica, Dipartimento Scienze Neurologiche, “Sapienza” Università di Roma
18. Ronald WM. Maris, Suicide and Neuropsychiatric Adverse Effects of SSRI Medications: Methodological Issues, Scientific Symposium 2002
19. Naomi Weintrob et al, Decreased growth during therapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2002
20. MHRA, Safety review of antidepressants used by children completed (reference 2003/0505)
21. EMEA, Dichiarazione pubblica sugli antidepressivi nei bambini e negli adolescenti, 2005
22. Antidepressivi Triciclici, divieto di prescrizione ai minori, Gazzetta Ufficiale n.224 del 26-9-2005
23. EMEA, Questions and answers on the review of Prozac for use in children and adolescents, 2006
24. David Healy et al, Antidepressants and Violence: Problems at the Interface of Medicine and Law, PLoS Medicine 2006
25. Ivar Aursnes et al, Even more suicide attempts in clinical trials with paroxetine randomised against placebo, BMC Psychiatry 2006
26. David Healy, Dependence on Paroxetine (Paxil/Seroxat) Statement by David Healy MD FRCPsych
27. Guide to Stopping Antidepressants, RxISK eCLINIC Medical Team and RxCLINIC.org, 2014
28. Peter Breggin, Suicidality, violence and mania caused by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Int. Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine 2003
29. Paul D. Whitehead, Causality and Collateral Estoppel: Process and Content of Recent SSRI Litigation, J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 2003
30. Peter Breggin, Exposure to SSRI Antidepressants In Utero Causes Birth Defects ..., Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry 2008
31. Peter Breggin, Antidepressant...Induced Suicide, Violence, and Mania: Risks for Military Personnel, Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry 2010
32. Coupland C. et al, Antidepressant use and risk of adverse outcomes in older people: population based cohort study, BMJ 2011
33. Lucire Y. et al, Antidepressant-induced akathisia-related homicides associated with diminishing mutations in metabolizing genes of the CYP450 family, Pharmacogenomic and Personalized Medicine 2011
34. Robert Whitaker, slide sulla depressione e psicofarmaci dal libro "Indagine su un'epidemia" 2013
35. Jennita Reefhuis et al, SSRIs and birth defects: bayesian analysis to interpret new data in the context of previous reports, BMJ 2015
    
    
    
    Depressione e attività fisica
    
    
    
36. James A. Blumenthal et al, Effects of Exercise Training on Older Patients With Major Depression, Arch Intern Med. 1999
37. Michael Babyak et al, Exercise Treatment for Major Depression: Maintenance of Therapeutic Benefit at 10 Months, Psychosomatic Medicine 2000
38. F Dimeo er al, Benefits from aerobic exercise in patients with major depression: a pilot study, Br J Sports Med 2001
39. K Knubben et al, A randomised, controlled study on the effects of a short-term endurance training programme in patients with major depression, Br J Sports Med 2007
40. Andreas Ströhle, Physical activity, exercise, depression and anxiety disorders, J Neural Transm 2009

LINK CONSIGLIATI

• RxISK - database accurato sugli effetti collaterali degli psicofarmaci a cura di D. Healy, R. Whitaker et al.
• Antidepressants Facts
• The Seroxat User Group